In 21st century of a casino function practically worldwide, basically in places attractive to tourists: Las Vegas, Monte Carlo, Milan, various seaside and island resorts.
Dreams & Trends
The majority of modern players come to a casino to win money. As a rule, it is people with higher education and rich enough. However, 57% of people want also entertainments. In Australia of a casino have been legalised in 1970, and now 14 casinos annually fill up the state treasury on 2 billion Australian dollars. In the USA of a casino are legalised in 24 states. Today, the American gaming is the largest gambling show business in the World.
Modern casinos make the big efforts for leisure of clients, giving set of high quality entertainments with a full spectrum of rest services. Especially magnificent casinos in Las Vegas and Atlantic City.
Today the mankind has understood — prohibition of gamblings simply leads to opening of illegal casinos. In Ancient Rome in gamblings it was possible to play only within one week in a year, during holidays. However it did not keep the Roman players who continued to play in private houses and brothels. Even introduction of penalties for too hazardous players has led to acceptance by Romans of the law on the use instead of coins of the engraved disks named medallions.
Today the states any more do not forbid a casino. They prefer to supervise them as gamblings are a large source both local, and the national income.
There is an opinion, that the gaming is very profitable business, for this reason each representative of the power tries to snatch at least a slice from so profitable business. For example, the American statesmen have understood, that if completely to take under the state control all gambling institutions in country territory it considerably will increase the budget.
Gambling Laws
The government has decided to close a casino in some states of Nevada, explaining it to give the chance to the further development of this industry in other states of the country. In result, in the country many citizens have lost the workplaces, but for some reason this fact at all does not disturb officials.
Thus, reasonings of the American politicians are partly true, but only for the reason that politicians refuse to believe that online casinos also are profitable as usual casinos. As a result of existing interdictions, the gambling industry in the USA develops non-uniformly.
When the American authorities made the decision about activity of traditional gambling institutions in territory of the country they have developed reasonable enough laws and tax rates which are profitable both to owners, also and legislators. However, the fact of an interdiction of a online casinos in the USA is not clear to this day...
Chinese automobile holding Zhejiang Geely Holdings which more recently became the owner of Swedish company Volvo, plans to make by 2011 to 300,000 cars of the Swedish mark a year.
Arrogant Chinese plans
Such results it is planned to achieve within the limits of the plan of improvement of an unprofitable brand. We will notice, that on sale Volvo the branch department of Chinese holding Geely Automobile and concern Ford plan to finish definitive end of the transaction in May of current year.
About Zhejiang Geely Holdings
Under not confirmed information, 51% of actives Volvo it will be sold for 1,5-2 billion dollars. We will remind, that in 2009 corporation Geely has made 321,000 cars, that on 45% more than year before. Thus, purchase Volvo will allow Geely more than twice to increase the capacity. In plans Geely by 2015 to sell to 2 million cars a year.
According to tentative estimation JD Power Automotive, in December in Europe 1,120,091 car has been made. For comparison: in December, 2008 manufacture was reduced about 1,305,649 units (December, 2007) to 837,819 units, decrease has made 35,8%.
The European governmental stimulation
The gain is in many respects caused by action of programs of stimulation of sales financed by the European governments that has led to increase of demand in the basic markets of Europe. Besides, a little panic reduction of drains undertaken by leading motor-car manufacturers, «by inertia» has led to reduction of the commodity stocks, which companies have started to fill up now to the necessary level.
Autoconcern Renault and Romanian affiliated company Dacia became the champion in December. Good results also have shown Peugeot, Citroen and Lamborghini. According to JD Power, these motor-car manufacturers have increased manufacture in percentage by three-value figures.
The huge gain has given Dacia updated Logan, and also an exit on the market of model Sandero. As a result the ex-Romanian brand in December has increased manufacture of inexpensive cars by 487% — to 26,851 units. And here Opel, Chevrolet, Saab and Honda last month 2009 have received release falling for 19 or more percent.
Volkswagen — the European automobile leader
For 12 months the manufacture total amount has decreased for 17,7% and has made 15,251,224 units. These data include factories in Western and the Eastern Europe, and also in Russia and to Turkey. Last year in comparison with 2008 considerably increase manufacture could Renault, Dacia, Jaguar and Land Rover. Thus release of the British off-road cars has grown at once for 20,6% — to 107,910 units. Concern Volkswagen became the unconditional leader of annual manufacture — in the sum in 2009 3,346,223 cars have been made.
A number of brands have become successful on separate models. For example, at Mercedes release E-class and fantastic jump — almost three times has grown, has shown crossover GLK.
In total for a year in Europe 15,251,254 cars, that on 17,7% more low, than year before (18,520,697 units) have been made. However December acceleration can be the proof of that the worst times for the European motor-car manufacturers already behind.
Company Volvo plans to begin testing of 50 copies of the electric version of hatchback C30 in two years, informs magazine Autocar.
Electrocar Volvo
Tests of these cars partially (at a rate of 150 million Swedish crones) are sponsored by a Department of Energy of Sweden and will proceed throughout two years. Cars will give to specially selected group of persons on the basis of which responses it is planned to make operational development of electromobiles and to create a corresponding infrastructure.
Earlier Swedish motor-car manufacturer already represented the concept car on the basis of this model, however to coming a motor show in Detroit, opening in the beginning of January, the prototype has been a little modernised.
Electrocar by Volvo C30
First of all, electrocar now it is constructed on the basis of updated Volvo C30, and also has received completely updated interior.
The electromobile is equipped by the 111-strong electromotor which eats from lithium-ionic of the accumulators, capable to provide to the car movement throughout 150 kilometres. The maximum speed of a novelty, according to representatives Volvo, makes 130 km/h, dispersal with 0 to 96 km/h for 10,5 seconds, and on full gymnastics of batteries from the usual house socket it is required about eight hours.
Concern BMW has deeply plunged in muddy already enough while waters of hybrid technologies, however to stop on reached the company, most likely, does not gather. At least, such conclusion can be made if to familiarise with the new patent application submitted a German motor-car manufacturer.
Hybrid version BMW
Unlike other offers, in this or that kind present in the market or just preparing for introduction, BMW intends to use in a hybrid power-plant at once two petrol motors together with the electric.
Curious feature of the presented demand also is also that both engines working on mineral fuel are two-cylinder — most likely, by working out of the given concept designers leant against wide experience BMW in business of manufacture of such units for two-wheeled vehicles.
The patent for the hybrid engine
The most probable place of placing of the electric motor is transmission, and traditional motors, most likely, will be mounted in uniform assemblage. About plans on a batch production of the perspective design the manufacturer has not given any data, however the fact of application testifies that this possibility is perspective enough.
On the Frankfurt motor show company Peugeot has presented the supernumerary conceptual car BB1 which dimensional length makes only 2,5 metres.
Conceptual electrocar Peugeot BB1
Despite the small sizes of the car, in salon, taking into account that there there will be only a driver, it is possible to transport about 855 litres of cargo.
The four-seater novelty has received a carbon body in weight of 600 kgs. The stock of a course of an electromobile makes 121 kilometre, and dispersal with 0 to 30 km/h for 2,8 seconds. On acceleration with 30 to 60 km/h 4 seconds is required even.
Peugeot BB1 on Frankfurt Auto Show '09
Whether it is planned to produce the similar car in lots at present it is not informed.
German company Herpa Miniaturmodelle GmbH will present on a motor show in Frankfurt new generation of car Trabant, before the most mass car in the German Democratic republic (GDR), writes Automotive News Europe.
On a motor show it will be exposed conceptual working out New Trabi with the electromotor which batch production will begin in 2012. According to representatives Herpa, the car will receive the solar battery on a roof for battery additional charge on which full gymnastics Trabant can pass 250 km. Thus, the weight of the car will not exceed 1000 kg.
On Thursday supervisory board Volkswagen had been approved merge with Porsche which should be carried out in some stages within 2010-2011.
On it informs Deutsche Welle referring to a source in supervisory board VW in Wolfsburg.
After merge with Porsche the motorcar giant will keep former name Volkswagen. Will head incorporated concern Martin Winterkorn. The head of board VW Martin Winterkorn will supervise over the new enterprise. Probably, Martin becomes also the new chairman of board Porsche Automobil Holding SE.
Porsche becomes the tenth mark of concern VW which becomes, thus, the largest motor-car manufacturer in Europe.
Autoconcern Audi prepares the special version of coupe S5 for 2015 under name Project Anniversario S5 Quattro.
The car were going to present to the company 100 anniversary, but the global economic crisis has braked project realisation. Novelty will make approximately on 240kg easier usual S5, the car will weigh about 1400 kg. It is promoted by use of new panels of a body, a weather-cloth and the facilitated components of a power-plant.
Design of model will create on motives racing Quattro S1 Rallye. In a ruler of engines can include turbo-engine V-6 power about 425HP or the updated version of the 2,5-litre 400-strong five-cylinder motor from Audi TT RS.
Probably, a novelty will present already in the end of 2010 — to the thirtieth anniversary original Quattro, but the official premiere is planned not earlier than 2012.
The group of the American scientists of Madison's university has developed an internal combustion engine which can work on a diesel engine-petrol of a fuel mix.
Proportions of each of fuel kinds are compared depending on loading on the motor, for example, at driving uphill the gasoline share in a gas mixture can reach 85% whereas at at movement on equal road volumes of both kinds of fuel will be equal. As informs Science Daily, the efficiency of this engine for 20% exceeds indicators of usual petrol units.
One of the basic advantages of the motor is decrease in working temperature for 40% that has led to smaller losses of heat. It became real thanks to more flexible regulation of structure of a gas mixture. As an example scientists have presented a pre-production model of modified diesel engine Caterpillar with the EFFICIENCY equal to 53% whereas the best indicator among internal combustion engines belongs to a duple ship turbodiesel — 50%. At petrol automobile motors of EFFICIENCY makes all about 25%.
According to Rolf Reitz project, these engines can be used both in cars, and in lorries. Exact terms of occurrence of serial samples of such motors are not informed.
By calculations of scientists if all cars in the USA have been equipped a diesel engine-petrol by engines consumption of oil by America would decrease on third or on four million barrels a day. Now the USA consume 21 million barrels of oil daily.
The European sales of new cars have grown in June on 2,4%. The main merit that the automobile branch of Europe has started to show ability to growth, belongs to the governments of some European states which stimulated with the actions and money resources a consumer demand. The average index of sales on all European countries has increased first time for last 14 months i.e. since the industry was included into a heavy economic crisis.
The association of the European Manufacturers of Cars (ACEA) also ascertains, that the trend on serious falling of sales was designated in May, 2008. In June of last year recession of the European sales made 7,9% in comparison with June 2007. The first time was outlined In June of this year growth and, in total, this month 1 461 859 cars have been sold and registered.
In first six months of this year of sale of passenger cars in Europe have fallen as a whole to 11%. 7 425 762 new cars are sold For the first half of the year 2009 in Europe against 8 346 828 year before.
To the European zone of statistics ACEA carries 27 EU member states plus of country EFTA except for the countries-islands: Cyprus and Malta.
The countries of the former socialist camp are called now as new members of EU, and ACEA considers on them the separate statistics. In these countries recession of sales of new cars for June has made 25,3%. From the East European countries it is better than itself today feel only Czechia (growth in June of 18%) and Slovakia (phenomenal growth of sales on 57,4%). Critical figures has reached falling of sales in Latvia (-72.6%). In absolute figures Poland remained the largest East Europe market as falling of sales in June was absolutely insignificant (-2,5%). By results of a half-year the leading countries of region have increased sales: Slovakia (+18,4%), Czechia (+7,9%) and Poland (+0,2%) though as a whole the market in region has decreased (-27,1%).
In the Western Europe sales in June have grown on 4,6%. The five of the leading countries of Europe (Germany, Italy, France, the Great Britain, Spain) incurs the lion's share of the European automobile market. The majority of the countries was entered by measures on consumer demand stimulation when buyers receive monetary awards at delivery of the old cars in breakage and purchase of brand new, more harmless cars.
Change of number of sales of new cars in June, 2009 in relation to June, 2008:
Germany +40,5% Italy +12,4% France +7,0% The Great Britain -15,7 % Spain -15,9% THE USA -27,7% Russia -56,0%
Following the results of a half-year Germany (+26.1%) and France (+0.2%) could increase and keep accordingly demand for cars in comparison with last year. However if to take results of all West European countries, the market of cars has decreased on 9.8 % to that decrease in sales in Italy (-10.7%) promoted, to the Great Britain (-25.9%) and to Spain (-38.3%).
Chief executive Renault Carlos Ghosn has declared last week, that 2010 for motor industry will be same difficult, as well as 2009. The exit from crisis will not be simple and some years will proceed.
Sales of bonus marks have fallen last month, but decrease was not so serious, as well as the last months. "There are first signs of some restoration," — the executive member of board of directors BMW AG Ian Robertson has declared. BMW, the world's largest manufacturer of magnificent cars, in June is in the lead on a sales volume. However, sales BMW have fallen to 13% (to 105220 cars) in comparison with result of June, 2008. As a whole for the first half of the year 2009 of sale BMW have decreased on 19%.
The most "sincere" car ever created by South Korean company Kia, has decided to subdue again public.
However, this time American, instead of European, and not in a body a crossover, and a pickup. Though, to traditional pickups it to carry difficult...
At Soulster intricate enough design. Here to you both the second row of seats, and similarity of a cabriolet behind and the hint on a cabriolet in front, and in addition to all to it is a demountable two-section rag roof. Yes, genre classics the Korean pickup in any way you will not name.
No less than not at once you will tell — on whom it is calculated Soulster. The manufacturer positions the car as excellent addition to beach rest. Only present, as you, with the company of friends, a stock of drinks and meal, dissect on a yellow front-wheel pickup on coast, reserving strips from wheels.
Soulster, presented to Detroit — only «conceptual working out», and destiny of the car completely depends on reaction of public. Hardly it is possible to tell, that the car received with open arms...
Swiss tuning studio Sportec has presented the new program of completions for 480-strong sport car Porsche 911 Turbo.
At the expense of practically full modernisation of the 3,6-litre six-cylinder engine, many details in which have been replaced with titanic analogues, power of the motor has increased to 858HP, and the maximum twisting moment has increased to 870Nm. On it informs edition Motor Trend.
The weight all-wheel drive tuning a supercar which has received an aerodynamic weather-cloth and new panels of a body, makes 1345 kgs, and the relation of power to weight is equaled to 637HP on ton. According to results of tests by company Sportec, from zero to 100 km/h tuning Porsche 911 Turbo it is capable to be dispersed for 3 seconds, and to 300 km/h — for 18,9 seconds. The maximum speed — 380 km/h.
It is necessary to notice, that the program of completions also includes installation of an active suspension bracket, more powerful of brake mechanisms with ceramic disks, a skeleton of safety and 20-inch shod wheel disks.
Only ten years ago, in 1999, Swedish Volvo Group has sold to concern Ford the branch Volvo Cars, having conceded to Americans of the right of use of mark Volvo for cars, minivans, minibuses and sports cars.
Despite change of the owner, main priorities Volvo Car Corporation remained former — safety of all participants of movement and convenience of the car to the driver and passengers. So, the Scandinavian firm began to care and of ecology. However year before engineers from the Geteborg have changed the important approaches to a design of cars.
In May, 1998 the Swedish company Volvo has stopped manufacture of cars of classical configuration S90/V90 (a series 940-960 till 96th year) and has completely started the production cars with a cross-section arrangement of the power unit and forward (or full) a drive. So the decisive step has been dictated by the weighty economic and technical reasons. Front-wheel cars with a cross-section arrangement of the engine have lower cost of manufacture. To consumers their operation more cheaply manages. But besides it front-wheel cars possess also the best stability, than the cars having a drive on back wheels. More precisely so affairs were for that moment when managers Volvo Cars made it fatal the decision, at a characteristic level of development for this time of automobile electronics.
To go through a hard time and not to change to the constructive principles it was possible only to Germans — to Bavarians and firm Mercedes-Benz. Having spent a heap of money and a great lot of efforts to system engineering of management by a stream of power and stabilisation of movement of the car, they could level a difference in levels of course stability.
And here traditional advantages, characteristic for cars of classical configuration, remained at them. After all only similar configuration allows to counterbalance in regular intervals weight of the car on axes. And this circumstance, along with absence of traction effort on forward wheels, helps to achieve the best controllability of the car.
Thus, if extremely to simplify the description of a today's situation both to the manufacturer, and the consumer needs to choose between size of expenses and comfort and controllability level. With reference to the automobile company it, in particular, means the following: if you wish to make the high quality car use classical configuration. Japanese firms Lexus and Infiniti, followed Germans, have well acquired this true. And for compact and, especially, inexpensive cars the best configuration will be that at which the engine will take places across a motor coupe (that took less places), and the drive was carried out on forward wheels.
Volvo today
Designers Volvo use such configuration on all models without an exception already more than ten years. But just absence of exceptions also creates problems. For car Volvo C30, S40 and V50 the similar layout scheme is more than pertinent, and the platform from car Ford Focus corresponds almost ideally. Swedes only needed to choose parametres of adjustment of the chassis (it is a problem for experts in marketing) and to correct a suspension bracket according to them (a problem for engineers).
Models Volvo S60 and XC60 already are as though "boundary", both on a class, and on the sizes. In the sense that at their designing it would be possible to use any of the mentioned schemes and to achieve thus the relatives almost identical, results. And here above on a class the picture any more does not look so iridescent. Versatile person V70 is still, all right. But sedan Volvo S80 and crossover XC90 (the biggest car Volvo) from the point of view of designing and engineering are perceived by "wrong".
Certainly, these cars go, and it is rather quite good. But engineers from the Geteborg had to do the big work to compensate a consequence once the made choice — the layout scheme. It is necessary to notice, that a design of transmission Volvo with a drive of all of 4 wheels when back wheels are connected to some extent in case of proslipping of lobbies, here not in attention it undertakes intended, because it is a separate theme and also full of compromises.
Probably, one of consequences of excessive propensity of designers Volvo Cars to compromises is refusal of German manufacturers to enlist the Swedish company in the elite club. For the same reason sharp motorists on language have thought up for Volvo a personal class — "pseudo-premium". Thus nobody challenges the main priorities of the Scandinavian firm, as well as achievements in recognised areas.
Feeler
If to take into consideration the above-stated reasonings conceptual project Volvo SC90 which has appeared in this year will cease to seem so unexpected. And value, on the contrary, will increase and will be beyond the student's work made during training of the author in the Californian studio of design of company Volvo. Young designer Nufon Bansasin (Nouphone Bansasine) has drawn very beautiful car.
Certainly, the lattice of a radiator of the six-coal form forces to recollect conceptual car Volkswagen Iroc. But this unique loan which can be found in the project. And it is harmoniously entered in an obverse part of new car Volvo. Though there is also one more. But this similarity of absolute other sort.
In image and forms of a new coupe that power of the compressed spring which so is well familiar on cars BMW any more one generation is felt. Actually, Volvo for a long time to aspire to something similar. But only in work of designers Volvo this energy is felt so powerfully. And it is surprising. Because both the general form of the car, and separate elements of design have with cars of the Bavarian firm no anything the general. Though, is not present: a back part of the car, it is accurate in a profile, in that drawing on which there is east beauty, gives rise to very thin associations with BMW. But it only associations. It is necessary to look at the same element under any most insignificant corner, and similarity there and then "evaporates".
Sides of a body of coupe SC90, combining convex and concave surfaces are interestingly executed. These surfaces as if are imposed on a pure silhouette of the car, creating an additional visual image. As to an ex-terrier on level of stylistic study the given project can successfully argue with the most expensive supercar of a planet — Aston Martin One-77, something imperceptible reminding last.
Very important that, as in shape of the car, and in salon firm lines Volvo is guessed absolutely definitely.
Only it is absolutely new — young, dynamical, resolute, impudent and extreme Volvo!
The new classics
Thus the external beauty sports Volvo SC90 not only speaks for itself, but also informs other extremely useful and important information. After all a small forward plumb of a body and long, but a low cowl in the forward part eloquently I testify that on the car is planned to use the engine of great volume which not only is located along a longitudinal axis of the car, but also it is strongly shifted for a forward axis.
It is available — classical configuration of the car in a combination to a back drive and ideal distribution of weight on axes. The made assumption confirms also the computer videoclip applied on the project. In this video film the author of the project not only shows a class and character of the car, but also directly shows configuration.Most likely, developers used motor Yamaha with which crossovers XC90 are completed now by working out of the project. After all it is unique engine V8 which company Volvo Cars has for today. Besides the car is rather advanced on a design — very easy, compact and giving in to modernisation. It is enough to recollect, that on supercar Noble power of this motor at equipment by a turbo-supercharging reaches 600HP.
In too time concern Ford at the moment finishes working out of wide scale of motors V6 and V8 which are equipped with pressurisation already initially. And among them there are the engines possessing power sufficient even for such car.
The foggy future
Actually the destiny also depends on the further development of relations with "Ford" not only the given project, but also all company Volvo. Certainly, a stumbling-block is not the problem of motors, and huge debts Ford Motor. And not looking that within approximately year their "Ford's" managers successfully reduce, shareholders of the American concern demand to sell the Swedish firm, to accelerate this process.
Itself Volvo Car Corporation by and large in this situation it is not guilty. The car, of course, is today unprofitable but who has today profit? Though, in all honesty, it is necessary to admit that last ten years Volvo Cars was far not successful though and concerning the safe company. Who knows, perhaps, the project of new coupe Volvo SC90 is that counterbalance which will overcome bowls of scales in the necessary direction therefore the Scandinavian company remains as a part of concern Ford.
And though the common sense prompts, that hardly it is necessary to expect a great demand on expensive cars in the foreseeable future, and the logic of crisis especially demands to reduce costs and to make the cheap cars, above described example BMW and Mercedes-Benz says that sometimes it is not necessary to run together with all.
Sale Volvo Car Corporation to Chineses can become the nominal transaction of this century. By and large the transaction is not favourable any of three companies. Including to Chineses. Unless only Ford will receive the money. And that the reputation can suffer more.
Supercar Volvo SC90 is a project which is capable to approach Volvo to an ideal. But only in the event that money, and Volvo — time will suffice "Ford".
Crossover Saab 9-4X will be born even earlier, than it was expected. Representatives of the company have informed, that the car which has been shown for the first time on a motor show in Detroit last year, should go on sale in the end of 2010.
About a stuffing of a crossover a little that is known. Hearings go, that 9-4X will be created on platform Theta Premium developed General Motors on which it is constructed new Cadillac SRX.
Despite the fact that what mark Saab Swedish motor-car manufacturer Koenigsegg already owns, assemblage 9-4X will be carried out under the protection of GM. Say also, that crossover release will be carried out at factory General Motors in Mexico. The model 9-4X will replace a crossover 9-7X in ruler Saab.
Xerox is not the copy technics, it is a principle. It seems to me, that never before the copy was not so habitual, as today. During an epoch of total boredom the copy entertains us. It is such game: at first there was one piece, and there were ten.
The copy brings a variety our boring life, becomes somehow more cheerful, well or it is possible to tell more variously. All is copied: the information is copied, art is copied, style is copied, people are copied.
The government has decided to close a casino in some states of Nevada, explaining it to give the chance to the further development of this industry in other states of the country. In result, in the country many citizens have lost the workplaces, but for some reason this fact at all does not disturb officials.
