About TURBOCHARGER, and TIPS MAINTENANCE WORK PRINCIPLEAgan-agan, ane willing
to share a little about the Turbo on the car. originated from the stupidity that still Ndeso ane about the automotive world and the confusion which often make ane ane sat open-mouthed in front of the terrace houses used cars mandangin aye its Turbo imaginable.
that's why aye desperate googling and make this trit connect've ane search no matter who discussed the turbo (in fact most distinguished trade turbo timer ato no ID who v8.twinturbo: nooffense yak eace:)
ane sorry not the good / good in the world of snail poison, but there's enough ane googling about this, allow sharing of some ane dapet yg knowledge of the unseen world.
uh cyberspace.
okay we immediately wrote
* Sorry if the narrative he is less comfortable, free diterjemahin own soale
Spoiler for DEFINITION TURBO:
TURBOCHARGER turbo cool or term, is a gas compressor which is used to Forced Induction (Forced Induction) of the internal combustion engine (Internal Combustion Engine) (Wikipedia, nd 2010)
Turbocharger supercharger is a form of which increase the density of air that enters the engine to produce more power. a turbocharger has a compressor which is powered by gas turbine exhaust which is controlled by the machine itself. this makes the turbocharger capable of achieving a higher efficiency level than the compressor compressors Forced Induction another type.
Spoiler for Origins TURBO:
At the start of assembly, turbocharger referenced as "Turbosupercharger". which uses a supercharger compressor to induce / encourage air forced into the engine. logically, adding to to play the supercharger turbine will convert the term into "Turbosupercharger". however, the term was later shortened to "turbocharger". this, create confusion because sometimes the term "turbosupercharger" is still often used to indicate the engine crankshaft-drive which uses exhaust-driven supercharger and turbocharger together or sometimes called "twincharging".
Spoiler for Working Principle:
A turbocharger is a distinguished small radial fan pump which is controlled by the energy of exhaust gases from an engine. a turbocharger comprises a turbine and compressor mounted on a bar (shared shaft). Turbine is changing the heat and pressure of exhaust gas into the power play, which is then used to drive the compressor. drive compressors and air flow into the intake manifold memompakannya growing pressure. It produces large levels of air that enters the cylinder from each step of the suction (intake stroke).
purpose of the turbocharger is approximately the same with a supercharger, to improve engine volumetric efficiency by solving one kardinalnya limits. atmospheric air pressure at not more than 1 atm (14.7 psi), so there is absolute boundary between the pressure in the intake valve and the amount of air that flows into the combustion chamber. Turbocharger increases tekantan at the point where the air entering the cylinder, air content (oxygen) that big when forced into the inlet manifold pressure increases.
additional air flow to make the machine capable of controlling the combustion chamber pressure and the ratio of fuel and air that is balanced when the engine is at high RPM. This increased power and torque reply issued by the machine.
to avoid detonation and physical damage, the pressure in the cylinder should not be too high. to prevent that happening, the pressure should be controlled by venting into a distinguished remove the excess gas. control functions are performed by a wastegate, which directs some of the exhaust gas flowing into the turbine did not participate.
Spoiler for How to Work Turbocharger:
A turbocharger is basically an air pump. hot exhaust gases which leave the engine after combustion are directed straight to the wheels of the turbocharger turbine in addition to separately make the turbines are spinning up to speed 230.000RPM
The turbine wheel is connected by a shaft to the compressor wheel. more rapidly spinning turbine, compressor rotates too quickly. round was to encourage the flow of air compressors and compressed air before it is pumped into the engine combustion chamber.
Many who add a turbo system cooler (intercooler) between the compressor and the cylinder, compressed air that karenan and spin so fast to achieve extreme high temperatures which
The basic principle behind the use of turbochargin simple enough, but a turbocharger is a component of a very complex machine. not only the components within the turbocharger itself which must be precisely coordinated, but jg turbocharger and engine have to be really fit. if not, then it can generate a distinguished machine is inefficient and even damage.
Working Principle Turbocharger
there are 4 stages of work are:
1. Suction (Charge Exchange Stroke)
on Diesel or gasoline injection engine, the piston moves down and the air drawn through the intake valve. in the carburetor gasoline engine, air is mixed with gasoline.
2. Compression (Power Stroke)
When the piston moves upward, air or a mixture of gasoline and compressed air
3. Expansion (Power Stroke)
in the carburetor or injection gasoline engine, fuel and air mixture ignited by spark plugs, the diesel engine, the fuel injected at high pressure and air mix with the fuel will ignite spontaneously. later, the explosion pushing the piston moves down.
4. Disposal (Charge Exchange Stroke)
Flue gas is removed through exhaust valve when the piston moves upward. On machines with a turbocharger, compressed air before it is supplied back into the cylinder during the suction step. because the process is at a higher pressure, higher levels of air that entered into the combustion chamber so that fuel burns more efficiently. it does increase power output, provides a greater torque at top speed compared to the regular machine with the same volume of machinery, and reduce exhaust emission levels. some Diesel engines can be set up to accept more air, but with the same dose of diesel fuel, which not only increases energy but also produces a cleaner exhaust reply.
Spoiler for Macam - Macam Turbo:
PARALLEL
some machines, such as machine type V, using two small turbo which is identical. each attached to a separate flow of exhaust gas from the engine. Two smaller turbo which produces a boost (boost) the same or more (in aggregate) than a single large turbo. because of small size which, turbo type is capable of achieving optimal RPM and produce optimum boost distinguished more quickly. turbo type are often referred to by other names Parallel Twin-Turbo system.
List of Vehicles with Twin Turbo: Maserati Bi-turbo, Nissan GT-R, Mitsubishi 3000GT VR-4, Nissan 300ZX, BMW twin-turbo 3.0 inline 6 cylinder cars (E90, E81, E60).
Sequential
Some car makers cope with Turbo lag (Pause distinguished felt when Turbo On) by using 2 small turbo. preparation of a typical reply to turbo this kind is, has 1 turbo active at all RPM rotation and one turbo active when the High RPM. before high RPM is reached, inlet and exhaust air from the second Turbo closed. Sequential twin-turbo is usually much more complex than the parallel twin-turbo. Many Modern-Engine Diesel Engine uses this technology to eliminate the effects of "Turbo Lag" and also reduce fuel consumption and carbon emissions.
Spoiler for Excess:
Kelebiha from the application of Turbo:
1. More Responsive
in the application of standards, is a realistic thing to double the power of an engine via a turbocharger. turbocharger also serves to prevent the loss of power in the highlands, and provide significant benefit on the trucks and off-road machine that already had Turbocharger
2. More Economical
Turbocharger recycling of energy generated by the vehicle engine, change the fuel energy consumed to a greater power by creating friction and waste of lesser heat. as a result, the engine turbocharger premises which make use of more fuel-efficient than the state standard.
3. More GREEN
Because turbochargers deliver more air into the engine, fuel combustion take place more easily, and more clean. Modern Diesel engines with turbocharged engines produce NOx and CO2 emissions which 50% lower than conventional machines.
4 More Fun
Turbocharger provide a larger torque, so the vehicle's performance becomes more virulent and provide factual driving pleasure
Last edited by Valkyrjur: 13-05-2011 at 10:21 AM ..
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Old 13-05-2011, 09:36 AM # 2
Valkyrjur
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Caring with Turbo Engine
Spoiler for TIPS-TIPS:
TAKING CARE OF TURBO Engine
=============================
CAR berperangkat turbocharger engine is the best alternative to increase horse power (horse power), without having to add weight car. In fact, because of its size and simple installation process is simple, make the turbo is very popular in the aftermarket.
Although installation is simple, but in application, the turbocharger can not be arbitrarily set. The process required an experienced mechanic and the rather expensive cost, because the turbo quite expensive to own.
Maintenance or maintenance vehicles powered by turbocharged also be appropriate, because the correct treatment certainly affect the durability of the device turbo engine. Moreover, installation of an incorrect application of the turbo could void the engine manufacturer's warranty.
Basically the same turbocharged engine maintenance with the car N / A, or daily. Pembedanya is just the frequency of replacing the oil, whereby the engine turbocharger must be 'drinking' oil faster. For example, the life of oil is normally 5000 km should be replaced immediately, then to the turbo-engined car, the 4000 km distance, the car must immediately accept the oil intake.
Because the turbo working in conditions of temperature, speed and high pressure, then the optimum performance can be obtained if the tool is operated and maintained properly. The damage that often occurs is usually due to poor lubrication, or the entry of abrasive particles in oil. Another cause was the passage of large particles in the air flow is sucked inside. Also objects ejected out of the exhaust, such as carbon crust, flake machine components, etc. The act causing the damage.
For the turbo works perfect, then;
* Turbo should be in service according to the recommended timeframe.
* Always use the recommended oil automakers
* Choose a shop that really an expert in the treatment of turbo
* Check for any oil leaks, strange noises and vibrations that are not fair.
* Power is less, loud noise, smoke blue or black, possibly indicating a problem on the engine, not turbo
* Heat the engine a few moments, waiting for the engine oil temperature to reach optimum working temperature prior to push the gas pedal deeply to activate turbo. Do not play on the accelerator, because of the possibility of lubricant component of the turbo not perfect. Instead, let the engine idle for a while before the engine is turned off. When the engine is turned off immediately, then the supply of oil to the turbo engine automatically stops, while the turbo is still spinning at high speed. This could menciderai bearings. On the machines with the latest turbo technology, such rituals are not necessary anymore.
* The car that uses turbo frequency of replacing the oil should be faster, for example the life of the oil normally have to replace the 5000 km, then for turbo cars, the 4000 km oil have been replaced,
* Are advised to install the Turbo Timer to prevent damage to the turbo when the engine is turned off after use.
Spoiler for TURBO TIMER:
A Turbo Timer is a tool which is designed to keep the engine running during the time which has been determined to implement the cooling-down period on the turbo. it is meant to protect / prevent the use or distinguished premature turbo failure.
after the use of the vehicle when the turbocharger has been working hard, it's important to let the engine running at idle speed RPM reply for a while, this is done to cool the compressor of the gas temperature depression in the gas stream exhaust and intake. at the same time, the lubricant in the engine jg can circulate properly so the turbine will not burn a lubricant which can be trapped between the charger and the turbine at high speed.
in modern turbochargers, the need for turbo timers can be eliminated by ensuring vehicles do not produce boost (while driving) for several minutes before the engine is turned off.
Spoiler for lubrication OF TURBO MACHINE:
TAKING CARE OF CAR TURBO
Some of the cars currently equipped with a turbocharger. Like the Isuzu Panther, Toyota Fortuner, Innova Diesel or long output cars like the Fiat Uno Turbo. Certainly well above the engine oerforma machines N / A (naturally aspirated).
What about treatment? For the service is tantamount to non-turbo car. Whereas most cars Forced Induction (FI) is treated like the cars of non-turbo.
It should not be so. The problem machine to get FI type coercion in its revenue system, so there should be different treatments with the car N / A. not to mention as turbonya vulnerable to damage if perlakuaanya wrong.
Turbo car should be given special lubricants for turbo cars. Cirri oil to the turbo engine is always given a turbo frill on the packaging. These oils are usually able to withstand high temperatures from the turbo.
Why do cars have to use oil Tubo special specifications. Because the car engine oil is also used as lubricants turbo. So from the engine lubricant circulates into the turbo to lubricate as the impeller and out again into the machine.
Whereas very high temperature turbine wheel. Without special lubricants turbo rapid evaporation and damage the quality of oil
Apart from the lubricants, car berturbo generally equipped with a turbo timer, so when a contact at a position off the engine continued to live until a few seconds. In accordance with a turbo-timer setting is generally above 20 seconds.
It is used as the lag time for temperature lubricant when the engine when turned off is not too high. In order for the oil temperature down first. To preserve the turbo. What if the car is not equipped with a turbo timer? Try for a moment before the car is turned off it would be nice stationary engine in a state of 15-20 seconds and then the engine is turned off. This is the same as turbo timer before, just the system does not automatically but manually.
Easy care kn turbo car? =)
Rewritten from the magazine Auto Plus 10/VII
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Old 13-05-2011, 09:36 AM # 3
Valkyrjur
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Understanding OIL Lubricants
Spoiler for TIPS MEMIILIH distinguished OIL RIGHT:
FUNCTION OF OIL
In general we assume that the main function is as a lubricant engine oil. Though oil has another function that is not less important, namely, among others, as cooler, Patron of Rust, cleaners and Closing Gaps in the wall machine.
All these functions are very closely related, as lubricants, oil will create friction between the components in the engine move more subtle, making it easier for machines to achieve an ideal working temperature.
Additionally Oil also acts as a heat transfer fluid reaches the combustion chamber of 1000-1600 degrees Celsius to other parts of the engine cooler.
With the level of consistency, adjusted for volume and capacity needs of the engine. The more viscous oil, the level of leakage will be smaller, but the other resulted in increased workloads for the oil pump.
In addition, the content of additives in the oil, will make a film on the cylinder wall in order to protect the engine at the start. At the same time prevent rust, even if the vehicle is not used for a long time. Beside that also contain detergent additives in lubricants to function as a solvent for impurities result of burning residual oil turnover time is wasted.
CHOOSING OIL
Increasing number of oil options at this time, will certainly make us a little confused, because all the oil producers would say they are the best oil. But there are some things that might be used as a reference, among others, recognize the character of your vehicle, engine specification and which the majority of your driving environment (temperature, humidity, dust, etc..).
> WATCH AND QUALITY OF LUBRICATING designation
Note the designation lubricants, whether digunaan for gasoline engine oil, or diesel, 2 stroke or 4 stroke, industrial equipment, and so forth.
The quality of the oil itself is usually indicated by a code of API (American Petroleum Institute) with a letter followed by a stage behind him. Example API: SL, code S (Spark) is indicative of engine oil for gasoline. The second letter code indicates the value of oil quality, getting closer to the letter Z, the better quality oil in the coating component with a layer of film and more in accordance with the needs of modern engines.
There are two groups of API service categories are:
1. API Service Categories for gasoline-fueled vehicle lubricants
2. API Service Categories for diesel vehicle lubricants
> API SERVICE CAR ENGINE LUBRICATING gasoline
- SL = can be used for all new tech car engine
and earlier. Introduced on 1 July 2001, SL categorized Lubricant is designed to provide sediment control better high temperature and is designed for more efficient use of lubricants. In some oil meets ILSAC certification or qualification as an energy saving
- SJ = for vehicle engines 2001 and earlier
- SH = for vehicle engines 1996 and earlier
- SG = for vehicle engines 1993 and earlier
- SF = for vehicle engines 1988 and earlier
- SE = for vehicle engines 1979 and earlier
- SD = for vehicle engines 1971 and earlier
- SC = for vehicle engines 1967 and earlier
- SB and SA = is not recommended
> API SERVICE AUTOMOBILE DIESEL ENGINE LUBRICATING
- CI-4 = Introduced on 5 September 2002, for
4T engine, high speed. Formulated to maintain engine durability. Can be used to replace the lubricant category CD, CE, CF-4, CG-4 and CH-4
- CH-4 = Introduced in 1998, to 4T engine,
high speed. Can be used to replace the lubricant category CD, CE, CF-4, and CG-4
- CG-4 = Introduced in 1995, to 4T engine, load
weight, high speed using fuel with sulfur content of 0.5%. Can be used to replace the lubricant category CD, CE, and CF-4
- CF-4 = Introduced in 1990, for engine speed 4T
high with a turbo charger or exhaust normal. Can be used to replace the lubricant category CD, and CE
- CF-2 = allowed for 1994, to heavy load engine 2T,
Can be used to replace the lubricant category CD-II
- CF = Introduced in 1994, for off-road vehicles,
indirect-injection diesel engines and other diesel engines that use fuel with sulfur content above 0.05%. Lubricants can be used to replace the CD category
- CE = Introduced in 1987, to 4T engine, speed
high with a turbo charger or exhaust normal. Can be used to replace the lubricant category CC, and CD
- CD-II = Introduced in 1987 for 2T engines
- CD Introduced in 1955. For turbocharged engines
as well as ordinary waste gas
- CC = to a machine that was introduced in 1961
- CB and CA = is not recommended
> API DOUBLE SERVICE
In most of its service API oil in the car usually is twofold. As an example of API SL / CF. Meaning: The first API that shows the main use of oil, which are on the gasoline engine with qualifications SL but in an emergency oil can still be used in diesel engines with CF qualification. And vice versa.
> CHOOSE THE RIGHT viscosity LUBRICATING
Lubricant viscosity level which is also called "Viscosity-Grade" is a measure of lubricant viscosity and the ability to flow at a given temperature
Oli identifier code is a letter SAE which stands for Society of Automotive Engineers. Furthermore, the number who follow behind, shows the level of the oil viscosity. SAE 40 or SAE 15W-50, the greater the numbers that follow Code indicating the thick oil is oil.
While the letter W located behind the initial figure, which stands for Winter. SAE 15W-50, meaning it has a high viscosity oil SAE 10 for the conditions of cold temperatures and SAE 50 in summer temperature conditions. With these conditions, oil will provide optimal protection during the engine start in extreme conditions though.
Meanwhile, in a normal summer conditions, oil will work ideally in the range of 40-50 viscosity number according to SAE standards.
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Old 13-05-2011, 09:37 AM # 4
Valkyrjur
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Select a suitable oil for your Turbo
Spoiler for Grade SAE OIL:
Grade Lubricant consisting of singlegrade / monograde such as SAE 15 and SAE 50 (used at extreme temperatures) as well as Multigrade SAE 5W-50 and 15W-50 is widely used (unless the temperature is very hot or very cold) because it is quite watery lubricant to flow at low temperatures and thick enough to work satisfactorily at high temperatures.
More specifically we use the following illustration:
There are 3 Oil, 1 Multigrade, 2 monograde
Oli 1 SAE 15 (dilute)
Oli 2 SAE 50 (condensed)
3 Oil SAE 15W50 (Multigrade)
Oli was taken third place, the cold temperature:
Oli 1 (SAE 15) will be more viscous due to cooler
Oli 2 (SAE 50) to freeze because their home has been condensed
Oli 3 (SAE15W50) Oil viscosity will be equal to 1 (SAE15)
Now all three Oli was taken to place the hot temperature, then:
Oli 1 (SAE 15) becomes very watery even be yawning all
Oli 2 (SAE 50) becomes more dilute
Oli 3 (SAE 15W50) Oil viscosity equal to 2 (SAE 50)
Spoiler for OIL SYNTHETIC VS MINERAL OIL:
All both mineral and synthetic oils are both a standard fire.
Advantages compared to mineral oil synthetic oil:
- More stable at high temperatures (less volatile)
so that low levels of evaporation
- Control / prevent the occurrence of carbon deposits on engine
- Circulation more smoothly in the morning starting time / cold weather
- Lubricate and coat the metal better and prevent it from occurring
friction between the metal resulting engine damage
- Resistant to change / oxidation and therefore more durable
so it is more economical and efficient
- Reduce the occurrence of friction, increase power and
cooler engine
- Contains a better detergent for cleaning
engine of the crust
Mineral oil is usually made from purified while the synthetic oil from the chemical mixture. Materials usually PAO synthetic oil (PolyAlphaOlefin).
Mineral oil API SL So the quality is not the same as API SL Synthetic oil.
Synthetic oil is usually recommended for the latest hi-tech machinery (turbo, supercharger, DOHC, etc.) are also in need of better lubrication (racing) where the gap between parts / metal smaller / narrower / precision where only synthetic oil that can coat and flowing perfect.
So for engines manufactured in 2001 or older are advised to use good synthetic oil-type semi-synthetic (mixed with mineral oil) or fully-synthetic.
Fully synthetic oil price could 2X - 4X more expensive than the semi-synthetic.
Semi-synthetic oil price can be 2x more expensive than mineral oil.
If it is for everyday use quite a semi-synthetic.
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